Designed for technical learners, metallurgy professionals, and industrial trainees, this course offers a comprehensive exploration of the secondary steelmaking phase, bridging primary production and casting. Through three structured modules, learners progressively build knowledge of the purpose, processes, and scientific principles that underpin refining operations in steelmaking. The course begins with a foundational understanding of process context and ladle furnace operations, then deepens into practical methods for composition control—deoxidation, decarburisation, and desulphurisation. Finally, it culminates in advanced thermodynamic and kinetic analysis of refining reactions, including application of rate equations and chemical modeling. Learners will engage with diagrams, calculations, and industry examples, gaining actionable insight into steel quality improvement, furnace functions, and refining strategy. Ideal for those on a metallurgy track or working in process industries, this course enables accurate decision-making based on science and operations.