Steel-making is the practice of producing steel from iron ore and scrap. In steel-making, contaminants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, silicon, and excess carbon are removed from the sourced iron, and alloying elements such as manganese, nickel, chromium, and vanadium are added to produce different grades of steel. Limiting dissolved gases like nitrogen and oxygen, and pollutants (termed “Inclusions”) in the steel is also crucial to make sure the quality of the products cast from the liquid steel.